Oil burner



9 M. A. s. LAVlGNE 2,063,847

OI L BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 8, 1936. M. A. s.LAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 2, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 8, 1936 M.A. s. LAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed Fe 2, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet :5

gwventor atto'uww Dec. 8, 1936. M. A. s. LAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed Feb.2, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 awake 0 Patented Dec. 8, 1936 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE OIL BURNER Lavigne Application February 2, 1931, SerialNo. 513,029

6 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and has particular reference tooil burners of the wickless type similar to that described in my PatentNo. 1,763,164 dated June 10, 1930.

The primary object of the present invention is to-provide an improvedtype of oil burner which shall include novel flame baffling means whichwill enable the device to burn heavy, light or any intermediate grade offuel efficiently.

Another object is to provide a burner which shall be capable ofuniversal use, such as heating kitchen ranges, water heaters, furnacesand other cooking and heating appliances.

A further object is to provide an oil burner of the aforesaid characterwhich shall be simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture andwhich shall be highly eflicient in operation.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention may bestated to consist in the various novel features of construction andarrangement or combination, all of which will be fully describedhereinafter and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this application,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a twin burner constructedin accordance with my invention;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the control valves for the twin burner;

Figures 3 and 4 are top plan views of the burner hood elements;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a modified form ofburner;

Figure 6 is a similar view of a still further modification;

Figure '7 is a side elevation partly in section of a portable typeburner;

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Figure2;

Figure 9 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 9-9 ofFigure 8; and

Figure 10 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a further modifiedform of burner.

Describing the various parts by reference characters and referringparticularly to Figure 1, I denotes a base from which rises a standard 2having a horizontal disposed conduit 3 at its upper end. The ends ofconduit 3 are directed upwardly as indicated at 4 and each receives aspider 5 which is retained in position by a set screw 6. Each spider isprovided with a plurality of vertically adjustable rods 1 and these rodssupport the burner structure to be described hereinafter. It will beunderstood that rods 1 are veach vertically adjustable and may be lockedin position by nuts 8 to maintain the burner structure level.

Each burner unit consists of a base in the form of an annulus l0 whichis substantially U shape in cross section. As shown in Figure 1, theannulus is formed with a plurality of shoulders H which define annulargrooves l2, the lowermost of which serves as a fuel well. Supported onthe uppermost of these shoulders are a pair of down- .wardly directedannular baffie rings l3 and I4 which extend to within close proximity ofthe bottom of the fuel Well, and each ring is formed at its lower edgewith a horizontal portion which receives and supports the perforatedsleeves I5 and I6. Itwill be noted that the space between the sleeves l5and I6 is disposed substantially midway of the fuel well I2 and definesa combustion chamber for the vaporized oil. Supported on .the base Illadjacent its outer edge and extending upwardly is a third perforatedsleeve I! which encloses sleeves l5 and I6.

At the upper end the space between sleeves l5 and I1 is closed by a ringI8. The top of sleeve I6 is closed by a casting H! as shown in Figures 1and 3, which seats on said sleeve and is formed with a plurality ofupwardly extending projections 20, from which radiate horizontalextensions 2| that support an annular ring 22 which forms a hood overtheupper ends of sleeves l5 and I1. Detachably supported on casting I9is a circular plate 24 (Figs. 1 and 4) having a depressed centralportion 25 and a substantially clover leaf shaped cut out portion 26.This cut out portion is adapted to; receive the projections 20 when theplate 24 is seated on the ring 22 of casting l9 as shown in Figure 1,thereby providing spaced flame and heat baffles at the top of theburner.

Air is supplied to the burner through the perforations in the sleeves15, I6 and I1 and also through a central aperture defined by the baseannulus I0. In some instances where the burner is enclosed in a confinedspace, as for instance in the bottom of a furnace, it may be desirableto supply additional air and for this purpose, I connect a pipe 3| withconduit 3 and extend the same outside the furnace walls. The upper endsof conduit 3 each have threaded therein a conduit 32 which projects upinto the sleeve [6 and each conduit is provided with a butterfly controlvalve 33.

Fuel is supplied to the burners through pipes 35 which connect at oneend to the fuel groove I 2 in the base rings In, and at the other ends,said 55 gasified by contact with the hot baffle rings.

pipe 62. "outer periphery of ring 60 and extends radially pipes connectwith a fuel supply and control chamber 36, through control valves 31.

The fuel supply and control mechanism is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 8 and 9and is interposed between the burner and main source of fuel supply.This mechanism serves to maintain a small and substantially constanthead of fuel for gravity feed to the burner. As shown in detail inFigures 8 and 9, the fuel chamber 36 is provided with an inlet 31a whichis adapted to be connected with the main source of fuel supply. A needlevalve 38 is movable vertically to control the fuel inlet to chamber 36and the valve is connected to one end of a lever 39 which is pivoted at46 to the 41 in the cover 41a and said stem is fitted with twooppositely facing valves 48 and 49 which are arranged in spaced relationon the stem. These valves are adapted to cooperate with suitable valveseats 50 and respectively that are formed in boss 47. From theforegoing, it will be apparent that if the valve stem becomes stuck inthe open position, the float will be down and valve 48 will engage seat50 and shut off the air vent past valve stem 45 to the atmosphere andhence seal chamber 36, and thereby prevent fuel from flowing into thechamber. In a similar manner,

if the needle valve is stuck in the closed position,

the float will be in the up position and valve 49 will engage seat 5| tocut off the air vent to the chamber and prevent flow of oil from thechamber to the burner. v

As shown in Figure 1, I provide a priming funnel 55 which is connectedthrough a valve 56 to the feed line of each burner. In use, a lightgrade of fuel ispoured into funnel 55 and valve 56 is opened to allowthe priming charge to flow 'to the burners. The valve 56 is then closedand the priming charge is ignited'in the fuel groove l2. This chargeburns and heats bafile' rings l3 and- I4, whereupon the heavy grade'offuel is fed through the pipes 35' and 36 to the burners and is Thegasified fuel is mixed with air and burns with a blueflame between thesleeves l5 and I6.

In Figures 5 and 6 I have shown modified forms of burners. In Figure 5 Ihave shown a base ring 66 having a relatively wide fuel groove 6| whichis connected with a source of fuel supply by a A baffle plate 63 issupported on'the inwardly. This baflle plate is formed with a pluralityof upstanding ridges 64 which serve to position and support perforatedsleeves 65, 66 and 61. A similar baflle ring 68 is fitted to the.upstanding central portion 69 of the base ring the side walls of ring60 through the baflle/ 13 to points between sleeves 66 and 61. Theburner is supported in a manner similar to that previously described.

In Figure 6 I have shown a further modification wherein the base ring 15is formed with a fuel groove 16. A baffle 11 extends from the peripheraledge of the base ring radially inwardly and supports a perforated sleeve18 and a second perforated sleeve 19 is supported on the peripheral edgeof ring 15 and encloses sleeve 18. Air conduits 80 extend upwardly fromring 15 and support at their upper ends a plate 8! which in turnsupports an inner sleeve 82.

In Figure 7 I have shown a portable type burner consisting of a base 85,a single burner unit 86 such as those previously described, and a fueltank 81 surrounding the burner unit. A bail 88 having a handle 89affords a convenient means for carrying the structure.

In Figure I have shown a still further modified form of burner whichemploys only two sleeves. In this form the base ring 90 is formed with afuel groove 9| and a radially outwardly and downwardly directed bafile92 is supported from the inner peripheral edge of the base ring. Aperforated sleeve 93 rises from the outer edge of the baffle, and asimilar sleeve 94 rises from the outer peripheral edge of the base ringand is disposed concentric with sleeve 93. The combustion of the fueltakes place between the sleeves 93 and 94.

What I claim is:

1. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base, a standardrising from said base, a horizontally disposed conduit carried by saidstandard, a burner unit carried by each end of said conduit, and meansfor supplying air through said conduit to each burner unit.

2. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having afuel groove therein, a plurality of separate, removable and downwardlyinclined baffle rings normally overlying a portion of said fuel groove,the lower edges of said rings being spaced apart and defining anupwardly facing opening from said groove, and perforated tubes risingfrom said baffle rings at the edges of said opening.

3. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having afuel groove therein, a removable baille ring extending radially inwardlyand downwardly from an edge of said groove and a second removable bafllering extending radially outwardly and downwardly from the opposite edgeof said groove, the inner edge of the first mentioned ring being spacedfrom the outer edge of the second ring, and perforated tubes supportedby and rising from the spaced edges of said bafile rings, said tubesbeing arranged in spaced relation to define a combustion space, and saidcombustion space being in free communication with said groove throughthe space between the edges of the rings.

4. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having afuel groove therein, a removable baffle ring extending radially inwardlyand downwardly from the outer edge of said groove, and a secondremovable baffle ring extending radially outwardly and downwardly fromthe inner edge of said groove, the adjacent edges of said bafile ringsbeing disposed in spaced relation below the upper edges of the fuelgroove, and perforated tubes rising from the adjacent edges of saidrings and defining a combustion space.

5. A burner of the character set forth comprising a base ring having afuel groove therein, a bafile ring extending radially inwardly anddownwardly from the outer edge of said groove and a second baflie ringextending radially outwardly and downwardly from the inner edge of saidgroove, the adjacent edges of said baffle rings being disposed in spacedrelation below the upper edge of the fuel groove, perforated tubesrising in concentric and spaced relation from and supported by theadjacent edges of said bafile rings, and a perforated tube enclosing thefirst mentioned tubes and spaced therefrom.

6. A combustion tube burner having a base provided with upstanding wallspresenting between them a broad fuel chamber, means for supplying liquidfuel to the bottom of said chamber, separate removable covers extendingpart way over opposite sides of said chamber but leaving between them anannular exit opening adapted to receive a wick, the bottom of saidchamber presenting flow surfaces for the liquid fuel directly beneathsaid covers, and spaced combustion tubes forming a combustion chamher inupstanding relation to the fuel chamber and communicating therewiththrough said opening but of narrower width than the said fuel chamber,said tubes being supported one by each of said covers, whereby onremoval of the latter said fuel chamber is opened and exposed to View.

MICHAEL A. S. LAVIGNE.

